Assembly Tutorial

Assembly is the lowest-level language a human still writes by hand: one line of source maps to one machine instruction. It is not portable — every processor family has its own instruction set and its own dialect. This track teaches one dialect thoroughly (x86-64 with NASM) and then shows you the same ideas in ARM, RISC-V, and WebAssembly, so you can read the assembly behind any compiler.

Scope: Study the topics in order, assemble and run every example, and always connect the mnemonic to the register and flag it actually changes on your target CPU.

Assembly Study Progress

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#	ASM	Topic	Description
PHASE 1: FUNDAMENTALS
	01	Introduction	Machine code, the CPU, the assembler, and the map of assembly dialects.
	02	Toolchain & First Program	Install NASM, assemble, link, run, and inspect your first program.
	03	Numbers & Memory	Binary, hexadecimal, two's complement, endianness, and the memory model.
PHASE 2: REGISTERS & DATA
	04	Registers	General-purpose registers, the flags register, and the ABI layout.
	05	Data Definitions	Sections, db/dw/dd/dq, constants, and strings in memory.
	06	Addressing Modes	Effective addresses, base + index + scale, RIP-relative, and lea.
PHASE 3: INSTRUCTIONS & LOGIC
	07	Instructions	Move, logic, shift, compare, and the instruction categories.
	08	Arithmetic	Add, subtract, multiply, divide, and how the flags record the result.
	09	Control Flow	Labels, jmp, conditional jumps, and loop-building patterns.
PHASE 4: PROGRAM STRUCTURE
	10	Subprograms & the Stack	call/ret, stack frames, calling conventions, and recursion.
	11	Macros & Directives	Assembler macros, symbols, and conditional assembly.
PHASE 5: SYSTEMS & FLAVORS
	12	Input/Output & Syscalls	Linux syscalls, libc calls, and console input/output.
	13	Debugging & Disassembly	GDB, breakpoints, register and memory inspection, objdump.
	14	Assembly Flavors	One idea, four dialects: x86, ARM64, RISC-V, and WebAssembly.
PHASE 6: PRACTICE & DEMO
	15	Lab Examples	Run and modify single-file x86-64 and ARM practice programs.
	16	Study Projects	String routines, sorting, and calling C from assembly.
PHASE 7: REFERENCE
	17	References & Assemblers	Online assemblers, simulators, official manuals, and courses.

Credits: Lesson content drafted with DeepSeek via Fireworks AI. References: free tutorials below.

Free References

For the full categorized table — online assemblers, CPU simulators, official manuals, courses, and sample repositories for every dialect — see the References & Assemblers page.